In the second in our series on driving schemes, we look at roads where pedestrians have vehicles share the same space. Could it work in your town?
What's the big idea?
Shared Space is a concept pioneered by the Dutch traffic management expert Hans Monderman (now deceased). Monderman's idea was that the excess of visual stimuli that drivers have to contend with was hindering, not helping, safe driving. Without all the signage telling you what to do where, drivers have to read the road ahead and become more responsive.
Shared Space was first trialled in the Dutch village of Makkingen in 1998. A larger scheme was installed in the town of Drachten in 2003. Traffic lights and signage were removed. A major junction, which once had lights on each exit, and pedestrian crossings over each branch, was cleared of all its markings. And pavements were lowered to the same level as the road surface. Drivers entering the junction must negotiate with one another, and pedestrians, in order to clear the junction.
Surprisingly the scheme has been an almost unqualified success. Drachten now has a better traffic flow, and accidents have fallen from eight per year to a statistical zero.
The success of the Drachten scheme has led to similar developments elsewhere in the world, including Australia and Germany.
In Britain the first small-scale Shared Space scheme opened in Brighton in 2007. New Road is a popular entertainment destination lined with bars and theatres, opposite the city's historic Royal Pavilion.
Brighton and Hove City Council resurfaced the entire street (pavement and roadway) with block paving, so that pedestrians and vehicles were on the same level. Only a slight gradation of stone, and the position of street furniture, gives a visual clue as to where pavement ends and street begins.
The Brighton scheme has resulted in significantly lower volumes of motorised traffic (93 per cent down), travelling at lower speeds - an average 10 mph - and a corresponding rise in cycle traffic (a 93 per cent increase). Pedestrian traffic has increased by 162 per cent.
Similar schemes have also been introduced in central London (Kensington High Street and Seven Dials, Covent Garden) and a more comprehensive scheme is being built in Ravenswood near Ipswich.
Arguments for
Better traffic flow. The removal of traffic lights allows traffic to flow more freely. That means less pollution and shorter journey times. It also saves councils money on the maintenance of expensive traffic control systems.
Reduced accidents. When cars approach junctions, they do so at lower speeds. Drivers, disorientated by the lack of signage, have to concentrate more carefully on the roads. Better concentration equals better safety.
Aesthetics. City centres have become cluttered with ugly signs, red routes, yellow lines, pedestrian crossings and traffic light pillars. Shared Space removes most of these unnecessary visual distractions, allowing for pleasant landscaping. In Drachten, for instance, the roundabout has been replaced with decorative fountains.
Not nannying. Drivers are sick and tired of taxes, regulations and signs telling them what to do. Shared Space is an antidote to the nanny state approach to driving. It recognises drivers' intelligence and allows them, not the traffic lights, to make the decision of when to enter the junction.
Arguments against
Stealth pedestrianisation. Brighton cabbies will tell you that increased pedestrian use on New Road is nothing to do with the Shared Space concept. They argue that most private drivers don't realise that they can drive down the road, because it looks so much like a pedestrian zone. Certainly taxis and commercial vehicles greatly outnumber private cars.
Disabled pedestrians. Groups campaigning on behalf of the deaf, blind and other pedestrians with disabilities have criticised shared space schemes. Assistance dogs are trained to recognise raised kerbs and barriers. Pelican crossings are easily identifiable to blind people because of bumps in the paved surface. Removing these visual and tactile aids are a step backwards in provision for people with disabilities.
Idiots. Shared Space schemes rely on the intelligence and goodwill of the law-abiding majority. But there is no compensating for idiots. There is a small percentage of drivers who view the absence of signage as an invitation to drive as recklessly as they like.
Increased familiarity. Critics argue that Shared Space schemes only work because of their novelty. Drivers used to familiar signage are caught unawares and have to use their wits. But if Shared Space schemes became the norm, drivers would get used to them and pay less attention.
Related links
Smart idea? Have your say...
Is Shared Space common sense, or a recipe for disaster? Would you feel safe crossing the road in Drachten? As a driver, have you encountered Shared Space schemes? Share your thoughts with us below.
More motoring schemes and ideas
This is one of the most dangerous ideas going. RNIB and Guide Dogs for the Blind are campaigning quite rightly against this totally ludicrous idea. Whichever cretin came up with this idea should be taken out and made to try and encounter a road like this with a guide dog or a wheel chair. Is it going to take a disabled person to be killed or a child maimed by a thoughtless driver before the politicians thinking about such ideas wake up to the reality. I urge all right minded people to campaign against such schemes.
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works in the orkneys.
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I live in Brighton and know a lot about the scheme. To claim that the 93% reduction in traffic is a result of the scheme is simply nonsense. The scheme was introduced at the same time as the streets to the south of New Road were restricted to buses and taxis only, and roads further out were redesigned to make it almost impossible to even get to this part of town: at the northern end, there have been roadworks for over a year, massively restricting passing traffic - and (as the taxi drivers point out) new signage and street furniture (including tables and chairs outside two busy pubs) at that end makes it appear to be a fully-pedestrianised road. I'm a pedestrian, cyclist and bus-user, and I welcome any sensible schemes to reduce unnecessary traffic within the city centre, but the specious use of misleading statistics to "prove" the effectiveness of this scheme risks discrediting the whole concept, not just in Brighton but in any other town which uses Brighton as an example.
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Read 'How to Live Dangerously' by Warwick Cairns. He explains exactly why these schemes tend to work over time. Basically, it gives individuals back their own sense of what is dangerous and what is not, instead of handing over responsibility for your own safety to those 'Heath & Safety' jobs-worths.
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Leeec2202 is a idiot. Lets hope he gets hit by a car, then see if he thinks he should be sued. Lee mate, what if you hit a kid? Do they deserve everything they get? The internet is brill, it allows me to say, what a dick.
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i think this is the worst idea it will cause crashes and people being nocked down and alot of roadrage also it would cause confusion when police turn up to crashes and try to figure out who is at fault
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cool. x
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I actually agree with Lee. Most signs and lights are there to accommodate the lowest common denominator
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I've seen streets with neither markings nor traffic lights in the American continent but that's where cities are on a grid and most steets are one way. I never felt very safe but locals did understand the concept. I suppose Milton Keynes with its round abouts is in a way that type of set up. Not sure you could make it work in older cities where the streets do not necessarily follow patterns. What we could do in London though is look at the traffic lights and set them up correctly after red ked decided to fiddle with all of them.
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what next? people being allowed to land private helicopters in town centres to do a spot of shopping,its just another recipe for more fatalities and controversy.
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